The Effect of Interactivity with a Music Video Game on Second Language Vocabulary Recall Essay Example for Free

The Effect of Interactivity with a Music Video Game on Second Language Vocabulary Recall EssayThis research has been done by Jonathan deHaan, W. Michael beating-reed instrument and Katsuko Kuwada. Jonathan deHaan is an Associate Professor in the Faculty of foreign Relations at the University of Shizuoka. He earned his Ph. D. in Educational Communication and Technology from saucy York University. His research porees on second wording education and teaching with coarse-graineds and simulations. As for W. Michael Reed, he was a retired professor of Educational Communication and Technology at newfangled York University and the IRB/IACUC Administrator for Radford University in Virginia. His research interests spanned over a 25-year period and focused on educational computing, problem-solving, metacognition, and composing processes. Meanwhile, Katsuko Kuwada is a doctoral student in the International Cultural Studies program at Tohoku University. She investigates verbiage and culture her current research compares the use of first-person subjects in Japanese and English based on different ethnic backgrounds.The purpose of this research is to know physical interactivity of a second language music video impale is manipulated to investigate the effect of interactivity on vocabulary learning and cognitive load (deHaan, Reed Kuwada, 2010) or in simpler way is to investigate whether the interactivity ( and simultaneously presented text, audio and animation) of video game is extraneous cognitive load (thus having a negative effect on learning) or germane load (thus having a positive effect on learning) (deHaan, Reed Kuwada, 2010).Over find The research question that been highlighted here is to view interactivity of second language on music video game on recalling vocabulary. This research captured my attention due to the usage of media in teaching English as second language to undergraduate Japanese students. As we all know, multimedia technology has been i mplemented in language learning to attract as wellhead as to motivate second language user to be able to perceive, learn and enjoy English language.This research is crucial to this aeon, in which multimedia is organism integrated in language learning. Thus Professor deHaan, Prof. Reed and DR. Kuwada focus on what constitute a game rather then what can be added to a game to mold it approachable and enjoyable in teaching and learning process. In this research it has depicted that human cognitive architecture consists of a limited short-term retention (Baddeley, 1992, Miller, 1959), and a games complex elements (e. g. usic, subtitles and lyrics) can create an unalterable high demand on working memory (intrinsic cognitive load), it is important to understand whether a media features, such as interactivity, present a student with unnecessary extraneous cognitive load, which interferes with learning, or germane load, which nurtures learning (deHaan, Reed Kuwada 2010). Analysis This r esearch has been done to see video game interactivity would help or hinder the noticing and recall of second language vocabulary. (deHaan, Reed Kuwada, 2010). here the three researchers take up used interactivity, language proficiency and video game proficiency as independent variables while cognitive load vocabulary scripted recall, and role player opinions as dependent measures, Eighty undergraduates in which 65 of them are males and 15 of them are females in a range of age around 18 to 24, from Computer Science University in rural Japan. Subjects mother tongue is Japanese and has 6 to 11 years of formal English education. Participants were paired and one participant in each pair was randomly assigned to either play or watch the video game, and this been conducted in laboratory, for 20 minutes long.Professor deHaan, Prof. Reed and Dr. Kuwada, instructed the participants to play or watch the game and learn the words of the rap. The video game level was repeated five times by all pairs. The participants were not allowed to take notes or use their dictionaries and even not allowed to see and what more to interact with one and another. The material that was used in this research was Parappa the Rapper 2. instantly after cease with the experiment, participants would be given topics from the game and were used as written cloze test, where participants were required to write the missing words from the games rap in the texts blanks.This test been repeated again after 2 weeks. The result after the test depicted that watchers of the video game recalled importantly more vocabulary items compare to the players. Thus because watchers focus only on the objects in the game and the sentences describing the pictures without even have to integrate with the game console. Meanwhile, the players have to both focuses on the integration with game and with console as well as their integration with the sentences describing the pictures, to such a degree the players are having co gnitive loads. retrospect and Evaluation This research is focus on effect of interactivity with music video game on second language vocabulary recall. After thoroughly consider the research paper I have found out that Professor deHaan, Prof. Reed and Kuwada pay cogently attention to know whether video game (multimedia technology) would help or hinder noticing and recall second language vocabulary. present the three researchers focus on cognitivist perspective in which according to Jean Piaget (1977), mental process of an private use in responding to their environment.Cognitivism deals with how people think, solve problems and make decisions. When the players interact with the game they are using their cognitive ability to engage with the steps that they need to observe in order to move up to the next level of the game as well as to convene on the lyrics given in the game. Here the players are responding to their environment, however being cognitive loads mingled with fixating o n the game and engaging to the lyrics somehow has distracted them from focusing on the vocabulary.Thus has do them failed to recall the vocabulary during vocabulary recall test. Meanwhile, the watchers do not faced the cognitive load due to solely one way interaction (receiving the input) between them and the video game, thus has given them time to give great detail using memorization method, which is one of the 6 cognitive learning strategies (Rubin Wenden, 1987), to indulge in the game. Furthermore, this research has turn up that by using video game can help to assist language learning in second language leaner.As been mention by Hubbard (1991), language learning may happen with video game as language is involved in the play. It is easy to accept language learning evolves through game as language and problem solving are correlated and what more students seem to enjoy it. Despite that, the research has significantly highlighted that by watching the media (game), in defiance of i nvolving in it, can make the learners notice and recalling more vocabulary items (deHaan, Reed Kuwada, 2010), as they have only to focus on the lyrics only.Hence consolidate that usage of multimedia technology (game) in language class does not hinder the language learning. However, teachers must scrutinize attribute of game that they want to use in their language class. Nevertheless, in learning second language it is not enough by just interact with game and the lyrics. To become competence in a language one must also portray the purpose of using the language rather than just hardly know the language yet not communicate it in earnest conversation to reinforce the learning, thus communication is important in language learning. analogous what has been mentioned by Douglas Brown (2000), communication is not merely an event, something that happens it is functional, purposive and designed to bring about some effect. Due to that, 2 weeks after the research has been done, the participa nts been called to adjudicate second test to evaluate their vocabulary in recalling the game lyrics. Here both players and watchers have shown drastically reducing of vocabulary if comparing to the previous test. This has proven that without purposeful learning students give not be able to sustain the vocabulary.On my behalf, I strongly believe that communicative reinforcement can enhance on language learning via technology, as one language learning and no purposeful practise will hinder the language learning process. with this research I have learnt to acquiesce, without collaboration with learning strategies (between memorising, recalling and communicating via multimedia tool), the language learning will not become purposeful and will make one learning a failure. ConclusionIt can be concluded that physical interaction of this game has extraneous cognitive load effect on the players, thus not conducive to learning and seemed to have unnecessarily diverted the players attention f rom the vocabulary and hinder recall. Meanwhile, the watchers of the game have not exposed to the supernumerary extraneous load and have been able to devote more cognitive resources to the intrinsic load of the game and its language. As a consequence this research I have learnt that suitable game (multimedia) can assist language learning process as students seemed to enjoy such activity.In any respect with purposeful reinforcement such as germane communicative reinforcement can compensate language acquisition better. Moreover, implication of this research on future study, teachers will be more selective in choosing multimedia material for their classes and they will make sure balance input been given in the sense of interactivity and language learning so that no cognitive load will occur and hinder language learning via multimedia.

Qualities of a good leader Essay Example for Free

Qualities of a good leader EssayWhenever and wherever hu soldiery beings are gathered together in large numbers, they need leadership. Even children need their school prefects and schools captains Armies need Generals. Civilians need governments, captains of industry and intellectual leaders of thought as well. Men whether of the easternmost or the West, require to be led and each group throws up its own leaders in each succeeding generation. Whether in the school-room, or on the playing field or in governmental deliberations, people who are natural leaders and who are chosen to lead, always have the same qualities of fictitious character and of outlook. In the freshman place, it is the personal qualities that count for most, in other words, the personality. A leader, in any location, must be someone who can be looked up to and respected. His personal conceit must be trusted and he must be able to sex love and warmth from those he leads. So the, the first quality of a lead er is that he must have the ability to win over mens hearts.Secondly, he must have intellectual control over his followers and a mind that is capable of assimilating what is true and what is right and then of exerting this over others. It is useless, no matter what personal qualities or what intellectual prowess a man may have, if he lacks the initiative and the will to lead and to rally men around him. He must also, in his search for truth, have great powers of concentration.Again, a leader must possess this mysterious thing we call character or strength of will, clarity of mind, tenacity and determination. In other words character is knowing what you want to do and being ruthlessly determined to do it.Men and women will not follow a gloomy person whence a kind sense of humor and a sense of optimism are two other essential qualities of a good leader. He must also, not only be a good judge of thins and of events, but of people too, so that he can select good subordinates. He must also show and practice such virtues as self-control, temperance and moderation, so that not only his body, but also his mind are always at their best, rubicundand sharpened like finely tempered steel.There is, too the good leader and the bad leader, of which Hitler, is a striking example of bad leader because it is potential to have all the qualities of leadership without the most important one of all. This is a moral sense of right and wrong and the right kind of love which is emphasized in many of the worlds great religions. This is true not only of international figures like Adolf Hitler, but also in smaller figures. The gangs of youths, typical of both East and West, whose members are led to violence and lawlessness are invariably led and inspired by leaders without a moral sense of right and wrong.The nett test of a good leader is, of course, the question Do men follow him? The answer will be Yes if, combined with strength of character, the ability to evoke love, a clear brai n and a fair minded outlook, he also has a knowledge and respect for truth, honesty and fair play. Such a man surely possesses the spark of leadership and men will look up to him and follow him.

Chemicals Together in an Effort to be Greener Essay Example for Free

Chemicals Together in an Effort to be Greener EssayAlhamdulillah, first of all, I would like to thank Allah as I could slay my interpersonal chemistry assignment with the title of Chemistry in your daily life. I would like to express my deepest appreciation to all those that help me, contribute their clue and opinion in doing this assignment from the beginning until finish because, without their help, I might have little problem in this research. Even though a a couple of(prenominal) problems occurred when doing the assignment but luckily it give the axe be settled down. With a lot of effort, finally, this task can be sent to our lecturer before the incoming date as well.Furthermore, a special thanks to my lecturer chemistry, Dr. Musfiroh bt Jani that deliver this assignment and explain clearly how to do this assignment with the concept of chemistry and how to employ it in daily life to hold back sure we can score chemistry and understand the true meaning of chemistry. We can do this without her as she guides and delineate our mistakes from starting of this assignment and want to improve the new one so this assignment can be completely finished and get a disclose result.Next, big thanks go to other Chemistry lecturers that teach me and guide me as long as I was a student and will make sure I can understand properly what is chemistry, why we need to learn chemistry and the most-valuable thing is we learn this to understand the knowledge to keep in real life, non because the exam. They also teach me how to produce a good assignment and report.Moreover, many thanks to my p arents that substitute me from for with their contribution especially by providing money to me as I need to find references and they also help me in give an idea to make sure I can finish my assignment. Last but not least, thanks to my friends that always support and stick with me when hard and happy in this life and for those who are directly and indirectly support and help me with the assignment.Have you ever wondered why ice melts a water evaporates? Why do leaves turn colors in the fall, and how does a battery retrovert electricity? Why does keeping foods cold slow their spoilage, and how do our bodies use food to maintain life? There are a lot of genius and phenomena life that happens around us that involved chemistry. Have you wondered what is chemistry? And what chemistry can do in our life? How chemistry can be important and relates to our life? All the question can be answered in Chemistry as chemistry provides really important understanding and how it can be applying in our daily life as a human. That is the reason why we need to study chemistry. By studying chemistry, we can learn to use powerful language and ideas to describe what happened because chemistry is universal science that covered all the process around us include matter and also the process of humans.Chemistry? What get across in your mine about chemistry? Either about chemistry with friends, chemistry in doing the same things, chemistry in a relationship for couples or anything else. Yes, thats all true but in science actually, chemistry is a study of matter, properties, and its behavior. Chemistry also provides an understanding background of matter which it can be divided by atoms, molecules, gas. Atoms are smallest particles of elements that exist surrounding us. It is made of three tiny particles that called subatomic particles which is protons, neutrons, and electrons. The center of the atom, called nucleus is made up of protons and neutrons. any single thing in this world is made up of matter include our bodies. Chemistry is relating to e realthing in life and it is a large branch that needed by everyone. Not only doctor, but the dentist, pharmacist, nurse, geologist, and others need chemistry too.Chemistry can be divided into five main branches which are very considerable in the application of life. The first is analytical chemistry which discuss es uses qualitative and quantitative observation to identify and measure the physical and chemical properties of substances. In fact, all chemistry is analytical chemistry. Secondly is physical chemistry. As we know, physical chemistry is discussed physics combine with chemistry. Its about how matter can interact with energy. The important things in this topics are thermodynamics and quantum mechanics. The third branch of chemistry is organic chemistry which studies in compounds that contains carbon element. Carbon has many unique properties that allow it to form complex chemical bonds and very large molecules.Inorganic chemistry studies a materials such gases and metals that do not contain carbon as part of their make up. Last but not least is biochemistry is study of chemical processes that occur between organisms.Try to imagine the world without chemistry.

The Salmonella Outbreak In Usa Commerce Essay

The Salm unmatchedlla Outbreak In Usa Commerce EssayThe earthnut passel of the States was formally a family-owned undistinguished impact phone line and maker of unimportant butter for bulk distribution to institutions, regimen service industries, and private laboratoryel food companies. The phoner was instituteed in 1977 by Stewart Parnell along with his father, Hugh, and ii younger brothers, Hugh, Jr. and Mike (Business Yellow Page, 2009). The company was headquartered in Lynchburg, Virginia, where they started the business working out of their home (Business Yellow Page, 2009). By 1994 the family turned a disinclined growing undistinguished roasting summons into a company with sales that surpassed 30 million dollars and employed over 95 permanent employees (Business Yellow Page, 2009). In 1995 the business was sold to a large commodities corporation while Parnells father, Hugh, retired from the peanut industry (Business Yellow Page, 2009).Stewart Parnell and his two b rothers were kept as charge consultants by the companys unseasoned corporate owner (Business Yellow Page 2009). The company manufactured roughly 2.5 percent of the nations puzzle outed peanuts (Chapman Newkirk, 2009). Stewart Parnell served as a peanut-quality adviser to the U.S. Department of agribusiness until he was removed from the board Februay of 2009 (Chapman Newkirk, 2009). PCA operated processing facilities located in Blakely, Georgia Suffolk, Virginia and Plainview, Texas (Business Yellow Page, 2009). As indicated by Layton and Miroff (2009), PCA supplied ingredients to some of the regretfulgest names on supermarket shelves Kellogg, Sara Lee, Little Debbie.The federal presidency was a customer, too, buying his peanuts for low school children, disaster victims and military troops. PCAs products were non sold directly to consumers, but channelizeped to other manufactures that used their products as ingredients to make cookies, crackers, pet treats, energy bars, ice cream, and other products (Consumer Affairs 2009). Products ranged from peanut butter, peanut paste and peanut oil (msnbc, 2009). wild bean Corporation of Americas s shtupdal began when the company allegedly shipped its peanut butter products knowing they could be contaminated with salmonella which resulted in the outbreak of 2008 (McCormick, 2009). According to Mundy (2009), who interviewed Ron Simon a criminal trial Lawyer for victims of PCA negligence, remarks that PCA knowingly shipped contaminated products which were positively tried and true for salmonella by two independent labs the company hired.These contaminated shipments were sent to nursing homes, school cafeterias, grocery stores and wholesale outlets. Since the beginning of the peanut salmonella outbreak in folk 2008, more than 714 people became ill in 46 U.S. states and one Canadian province, which contributed to at least 9 deaths (Lawyers and Settlements.com, 2009). Its among the largest recalls that weve had, sa id Stephen Sundlof, director of the FDAs Center for victuals gumshoe and Applied Nutrition (msnbc, 2009). The illness was traced back to the potato bean Corporation of America (PCA) processing forms in Blakely, GA and Plainview, TX according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Lawyers and Settlements.com, 2009). PCA was no stranger to of selling contaminated products its Blakely plant was discovered with salmonella in 2006 as a possible result of import organic peanuts from China according to a letter released by the committee on Nov. 2, 2006 (Zhang and Jargon, 2009).Mr. Parnell was to a fault informed via letter by Darlene Cowart, President of JLA USA testing service that it was likely that the organic peanuts imported from Chinese could be a source for microbial hazards based on the type of fertilizers that was used on the organic product (Zhang and Jargon, 2009). Ms. Cowart also testified that Peanut Corp. samples were well-tried positive for salmonella betwee n 2007 and 2008 (Zhang and Jargon, 2009). FDA requested a recall for all products containing peanut butter, peanut paste and peanut oil manufactured since January 1, 2007, at the Blakely, Georgia processing center (msnbc, 2009). Federal inspectors found mold, roaches and a leaking roof at the Georgia peanut factory, Dow Jones Newswires reports (Rubenstei, 2009). thither are two forms of stakeholders in business ethics, specifically, primary and substitute(prenominal) stakeholders which the Peanut Corporation of Americas case affected.Primary stakeholders are necessary for a firms survial and include employees, customers, investors, shareholders, as well as, businesses, large or scummy (such as small businesses that used PCAs product as raw material to make product and later market to consumers) (Ferrell, Fraedrich, Ferrell, 2008, p. 32). Whereas, instantary stakeholders are not essential for a companys selection these include the media, trade association and special-interest g roups (for example, the Ameri send packing Association of Retired People AARP) (Ferrell, Fraedrich, Ferrell, 2008, p. 32). Two primary stakeholders at PCA were Stewart Parnell, president and CEO, and Sammy Lightsey, the plant manager of the Blakely, Georgia plant . some(prenominal) email were ex salmagundid between Parnell, Lightsey (plant manager of Blakely, GA) and Mary Wilkerson (employee at the Blakely plant) regarding batches of peanut products that well-tried positive for salmonella by two independent laboratories, J. Leek Associates being one company and Deibel being the other and ignored (Committee on naught and Commerce 2009). Because of this many stakeholders, both primary and secondary were affected by Peanut Corporation of Americas unethical decision-making.The medias impact on the Peanut Corporation of America brought awareness to members of the community by revealing incidents of PCA as it become known, brought awareness to consumers about the actions of PCA. Mana gers should be mindful of secondary stakeholders and express thoughtfulness in making ethical decisions. In general, both primary and secondary stakeholders embrace specific values and standards which direct anything that is deemed bankable or unacceptable corporate behaviors (Ferrell, Fraedrich Ferrell, pp.32-33). Peanut Corporation of America was sued by Ameri idler Candy Company after the FDA discovered in 1990 that Peanut Corporation of Americas peanut butter exceeded the FDA tolerance level for aflatoxin, a toxic mold (Blackwell, 2009). Another lawsuit against Peanut Corporation of America was brought by Zachary Confections, Inc. of Frankfort, inch in 1991 after a 40,020-pound shipment of nuts from Peanut Corporation of America was found to wee-wee an unacceptably high level of aflatoxin (Blackwell, 2009).Because of the unethical decisions do by PCA in January of 2009, all but three of the 46 employees at the Blakely plant were laid off (wsbtv.com 2, 2009). And on Februar y 12, 2009 the Plainview, Texas plant, which employeed approximately 30 employees, was readyed to close down down by the state wellness officials (Relative, 2009). These employees, because of their assocation with PCA, lost their jobs. On Janaury 10, 2009, another primary stakeholder, the Solon, OH based King Nut Company, recalled its King Nut and Parnells Pride peanut butter brands that were manufactured by PCA to a distribution chain involving institutions such as hospitals, schools, restaurants and nursing homes (Ashcraft Gerel, LLP, 2009). Now PCAs insurer, Hartford Insurance has filed a lawsuit against PCA to fix if they are responsible for claims filed by victims of this nationwide salmonella outbreak and has asked the court to determine whether the terms of the companys policy exclude coverage for salmonella claims, along with its obligation to Peanut Corp. (Lindsey, 2009).Peanut Corporation of Americas dishonest behavior seriously affected the primary stakeholders becaus e of the unethical decisions make by the companys leaders and partners of the corporation. The unethical decisions as stated earlier by PCA negatively affected the lives of their employees by the loss of their jobs and the disgrace of being previously employed by PCA put employees in an insecure situation with potential employers. In this situation the people that were sicken, the people that died, the states that were affected, and the companies that had to recall products were all stakeholders in one form or another. Investors and shareholders who gave out money to PCA were also affected by the indiscretions of PCAs mismanagement. Executives and managers of PCA divided in a large gamble which impacted and changed the lives of many individuals and corporations both large and small.Peanut Corporation of America, the company at the center of the nationwide salmonella scare, filed for Chapter 7 in February 2009 (Miroff and Lyndsey, 2009). The filing of bankruptcy negatively affected its investors and shareholders. Others affected by the bankruptcy are secondary stakeholders government, management agencies and the media. The government was negatively impacted in taxation because of plant closures in the form of income tax and lost sales tax because of lost product sales. The Peanut Corporation of America had its general financial obligation insurance with The Hartford Casualty Insurance Company of Hartford, Connecticut.According to Simon (2009),PCA has $24 million dollars in insurance from The Hartford Casualty Insurance Company which is specifically dedicated tocoveringthe food poisoning claims. The insurance coverage is broken up into two policy periods, 10/1/07 9/30/08 and 10/1/08 9/30/09 (Simon, 2009). The The Hartford Casualty Insurance Company rushed to court to limit what it might have to pay on lawsuits (Levick, 2009).They asked a federal court in Virginia to determine what the debt instrument is on three years of policies that was veerd to PCA (Lev ick, 2009).Legal analysisThe Peanut Corporation of Americas lack of respect and nonconformity for the consumer fortress laws was one of the key legal issues relating to the salmonella outbreak. That was one of the contributing factor that led them to be non-compliant with the law. Another, the corporations primary focus was that of making profit and showing hit disregard for consumers and the law thereof. According to Mundy (2009), PCA avoided taking necessary caoutchouc measures in safeguarding its facilities which resulted in leaking roofs. Not only did that PCA spend $60,000 in August 2008 to repair a leaky roof in the plant, Ron Simon a trial lawyer stated that the roof was already leaking bird feces before it was repaired, a clear recitation that PCA allegedly failed to maintain proper conditions and practices conducive for managing safety protocols at their facilities (Mundy, 2009). Consumer Protection is government regulations to protect the interests of consumers (Lawye rs.com, 2009). The law refers to state and federal consumer protection and product safety statutes and regulatons that restrict or prohibit deceptive trade practices such as the Consumer Protection Act (Lawyers.com, 2009).The Federal Trade Commission is the main agency enforcing consumer protection statutes (Lawyers.com, 2009). It was established in 1914, for the purpose of supporting consumer protection to drive and control unfair or harmful business practices it exercises consumer rights and prevents them from being swindled and aids against fraud and semblance and enables consumers to make well-informed decisions about products and how they spend their money (www.ftc.gov). The state courts (and some federal courts) in the 1930s placed restrictions on the freedom-to-contract doctrine by establishing rules of exoteric policy and doctrines of unconscionability and fundamental breach that allow the courts to interfere in contractual relationships (Brennan, Browne Kubasek, pp.772). Likewise, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) established in the 1930s, as a part of the U.S Department of Health and Human Services to regulate products which accounted for approximately 25% of the U.S gross national product. As stated by Rep. Rosa DeLauro, D-Conn.The companys actions can only be described as reprehensible and criminal, not only did this company knowingly sell tainted products, it shopped for a laboratory that would provide the acceptable results they were seeking. This behavior represents the worst of our current food safety regulatory system (KDKA2, 2009).The company had previously told the FDA that some lots of peanut butter had initially tested positive for the bacterium, then were retested and found to be negative before they were shipped. But further investigation showed that the company actually shipped some of the lots before the second tests were completed. Other lots were shipped without testing and, in some cases, no second test was performed even af ter the first one came back positive (Maugh and Engel, 2009). The company did not initially disclose that to investigators trying to solve the current salmonella outbreak (KDKA2, 2009). The FDA did not formally announce the new findings about the companys testing, but rather made small revisions Thursday to an online report about the investigation (Maugh and Engel, 2009. It was only when a Washington Post reporter discovered the changes and the news become more astray known (Maugh and Engel, 2009).Ethical AnalysisThe Peanut Corporation bottom line was to make a profit and not care about social responsibility to the public. The company continued to ship product they knew was contaminated. T he ethical behavior of the company and Stewart Parnell was to keep production going no matter at what cost. This transmitted a lack of morals and value by upper management by keeping their employees working and meeting their shipping demands. The company also continued to run his plants in an un clean manner which put consumer food safety at risk.There are three ethical perspectives that I provide focus on as they exhibit both ethical and unethical behavior. The first being important surmisal, this theory brings out questions of moral issues. Under the consequential theory acts are judged ethically unattackable or bad based on whether the acts have achieved their desired results and the acts are looked at as right or wrong on whether the results can be rationalized (Kubasek, Brennan Browne, 2009, p. 223). When examining the scandal of the Peanut Corporation of America the consequential utilitarianism school of thought can be applied. Stewart Parnell thought process can be viewed as being both ethical and unethical. The main issue in this case study was Parnell shipping products that were tainted. For the argument of ethics it could be assumed that Parnell was seeking the best interest of his company to obtain a profit.Parnells rational included keeping and production f lowing and employees working while, the unethical can be argued that a desired outcome was not obtained as a result of the deaths and illnesses of consumers and inability for Peanut Corporation of American to remain in business. Parnell should have had a strategy in place that should have been customers first then his employees.The second ethical perspective is the deontological theory which is derived from the Greek word meaning ethics refers to moral philosophies that focus on the rights of individuals and on the intentions associated with a particular behavior rather than on its consequences (Ferrell, Fraedich, Ferrell, 2008, p.153). Deontological theory is also from the Greek word duty, in which actions can be judged ethically good or bad based on rules and principles arrived at by human reason regardless of the action and whether net happiness is reached (Kubasek, Brennan Browne, 2009, p. 225). Based on email that Mary Wilkerson sent to Stewart Parnell on June 6, 2008, Peanu t Corporation of American used two outside laboratories for testing (Committee on Energy and Commerce, 2009). Because Peanut Corporation of American testested and re-tested their producted until they received the results they needed, this could be considered ethical or unethical. Ethical because Mr. Parnell needed to receive a negative result so that he could continue his production and shipping of his product.It also could be a means of the company double checking results for consumer protection. On the other hand because Parnell sent samples to triplex laboratories until they found their desired results of the product testing to be negative for salmnella poisioning could be considered unethical. An facet of the deontological theory is that a person should engage only in acts that he or she could see becoming a universal standard (Kubasek, Brennan Browne, 2009, p. 225). Another email sent to Sammy Lightsey from Parnell also shows Parnells unethical behavior. According to the emai l Parnell sent to Sammy Lightsey, he instructed Sammy to ship the tainted product by stating, okay, lets turn them loose then (Committee on Energy and Commerce, 2009).The third school of thought, humanist theory, where actions are evaluated as ethically good or bad based on whether they contribute to improving inherent human capacities as it pertains to intelligence, wisdom, and self restraint (Browne, Brennan, Kubasek, p.226). According to the USDA, Parnells previous slope on the U.S. Department of Agricultures Peanut Standards Boards, which sets the quality and handling standards, intended to assure that satisfactory quality and wholesome peanuts are used in the domestic and import peanut markets (Keefe, 2009). Parnell was first appointed to the USDAs Peanut Standards Board in July 2005 and was reappointed for another term that would have expired in 2011 (Keefe, 2009). On February 5, 2009, the USDA announced that the new Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack had removed Parnell from the board (Akre, 2009). Mr. Parnells ethical behavior based on the humanist theory put him in a great position to help improve quality and handling standards for peanuts grown and marketed domestically and imported.Parnells unethical behavior could be considered as a conflict of interest because he did not follow those standards within his own company, which caused his own plants to suffer miserably in unsanitary and unhealthy conditions. It is obvious that Parnell didnt have the to a lower placestanding, Knowledge, intelligence or even assure to run a processing plant.Contributing FactorsThe companys culture encouraged unethical behavior and did everything to undermine anything ethical, stemming from sanitation conditions from the beginning because of the history of the overall business operation and that of Mr. Parnells upbringing. David Brooks, a former buyer for a snack company who was familiar with the conditions of PCAs business operation (Layton Miroff, 2009, p.2). Brooks also noted that on three do in the mid 1980s, he inspected PCAs Gorman plant to determine whether to buy its peanut products and each time, he gave the plant a failing grade (Layton Miroff, 2009, p. 2). According to Brooks,It was barely filthy Dust was all over the beams, the braces of the building. The roofs leaked, the windows would be open, and birds would fly through the building . . . It was just a time bomb waiting to go off, and everybody in the peanut industry in Georgia, Virginia and Texas they all knew (Layton and Miroff, 2009).According to two former Blakely employees, one recalls opening a tote of peanuts at the processing plant in this small Georgia town and seeing baby mice in it. It was filthy and nasty all around the place, (Glover, 2009). Unethical behavior of upper management and Stewart Parnell were more concerned about moolah instead of the lives of the consumers who were vulnerable to harm and the employees who were deliberately deceived about the true res ults of the contaminated products. The PCA Georgia Plant contributed to the sanitation problem. There were ethical issues throughout the plant that lead to the tainted products. There were peanuts stored next to the finished peanut butter (Smalley, 2009). The roaster they used was not calibrated to kill sulfurous germs (Smalley, 2009). Dispirited workers on minimum wage, supplied by temp agencies, donned their uniforms at home, potentially dragging contaminants into the plant, which also had rodents (Smalley, 2009).The roof of the PCA plant in Georgia leaked when it rained which is a big risk given that salmonella thrives in water and the facility should have been dry (Smalley, 2009). The Federal officials in Texas did not even know PCAs Plainview facility existed until after they started analyse the Blakely plant (Layton Miroff, 2009). It was unlicensed and had been uninspected by the government for four years (Layton Miroff, 2009). This company has shown a manner of disrespect for the consumer right laws and obvious disregard for consumer safety that filtered from the wind of the corporation down through management. The impatience of not waiting on the results of the test and conducting several re-test to obtain a favorable result was in poor judgment and a sure sign that problems were being ignored and standardized procedures were not being followed by these leaders.They were comfortable wallowing in filth and infestations within their food processing plants for thirty years. Thats a culture that will and did breed all types of legal and unethical problems that was bound to catch up with them. It seemed that they all lacked insight and did not think thoroughly about the results of their actions or to make ethical decisions. They may not have cared about the Consumer Protection Law but they should have been confused about Murphys Law.Ethical decision factors to considerThere are three factors to be addressed relating to the ethical theories previously discussed in this case analysis. Based on perspectives of consequential theory where acts are judged as ethically good or bad based on whether the acts have achieved their desired results (Brennan, Browne, Kubasek, 2009, p. 223-224). Under the consequential theory this ethical issue reiterates Parnells actions for shipping products that he knew was contaminated, to keep production flowing and their plants making a profit. The company also had a lack of concern for the consumers health and management continued filling orders with tainted products.The golden rule, do unto others as you would have them do unto you, is the hallmark of the deontological theory (Brennan, Browne, Kubasek, 2009, p. 225). Under the deontological theory the ethical issue was lab shopping. Parnells persistence of conducting multiple tests in order to obtain results pleasing to his satisfaction without thought of the unforeseen consequences. The ethical decision factor to be considered in this situation is th e need for ethical policies for quality control checking. All companies should have this process in place for products we consume.This way it wont be misinterpreted as lab shopping. And the third school of thought, humanist theory evaluated actions s good or bad depending on whether they contribute to improving inherent human capacities such as intelligence, wisdom, and self-restraint (Brennan, Brown, Kubasek, 2009, p. 226). Under the humanist theory the ethical issue was Parnells conflict of interest based on his previous held position on the U.S. Department of Agricultures Peanut Standards Boards. The ethical decision factors to be considered in this situation are showing little intelligence, wisdom or self-restrain, sitting on the board that he was all the way not qualified for.Recommended corrective actionOutbreaks of salmonella are not unfamiliar to the FDA and Peanut Corporation of America was not the first company to be confronted with this issue. In 2005, a ConAgra Foods f actory in Georgia was inspected by the FDA due to complaints about a salmonella contamination (Glover, 2009). Spinach contaminated with salmonella followed by peppers and tomatoes was the big scare of 2006 (Shvartsman, 2009). In June, 2009, Nestle Toll house cookie dough and 380,000 pounds of beef produced by JBS Swift Beef Company were recalled due to E. coli contamination (Shvartsman, 2009). Peanut Corporation of America filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy protection and closed its doors and is now in legal proceedings (Miroff Layton, 2009).ConAgra can be considered the industry leader in setting examples for what should be done when product may be tainted. Therefore, there should be no reason why Peanut Corporation would not know how what to do in a situation such as this. PCA like ConAgra could have voluntarily issued recall voluntarily upon learning about the products which were tested positively for salmonella. PCA could have prevented this sad end to its business and the lives of those lost if they had attempted to rectify the situation properly and address the root of the problems which were many. It may be too late for implementation of a corrective action for Peanut Corporation of America, but not too late for a corrective action for the remainder of the food processing industry.Food processing plants and warehouses should base their policies and procedures off the guidelines for food safety set forth by the Food and Drug Administration. As part of a new regulation, Obama governing is working on toughening food safety standards. A bill that recommends a proactive stance in preventing food contamination was approved by the House (Shvartsman, 2009). The bill will step up inspections of high risk facilities every six months, or at least once a year (Shvartsman, 2009). This change will dramatically lower food recalls. The final regulation will come in the fall when the Senate votes on the bill (Shvartsman, 2009).The House voted to empower the FDA to order recalls (Shvartsman, 2009). Food safety advocates have been lobbying Congress to give the FDA more regulatory power over the food supply, a vast and growing network traverse state lines and international borders (Shvartsman, 2009). As stated earlier PCA had plants in Georgia, Texas and Virginia. This new bill will provide the FDA the power to police companies that have locations in multiple states (Shvartsman, 2009). PCA was unlikely to remain in business given Mr. Parnells inherent behavior along with those who were a part of his management. PCA was unlikely to remain in business under the direction of Stewart Parnell. Parnells inherent behavior along with those who were a part of his management did not act in an ethical manner towards the community.Mr. Parnell consistently put profits ahead of public safety and acted in a manner that proved to be detrimental to society. Therefore, it can be concluded that PCA lacked business ethics and morals and how they portrayed the companys image and conveyed disregard for their employees and members of the community.

Business and Marketing Analysis Techniques

Business and Marketing Analysis TechniquesBusiness strategy involves seeking a position indoors an environment or patience that generates a sustainable competitive advantage (implying that a diversified company should have as many business strategies as it has businesses)Analysing Macro Environmental FactorsThere atomic number 18 many factors that forget effect the strategies and decisions of managers of any organisation. Tax changes, new laws, trade barriers, demographic change, etceteraargon some of the posers. To swear out analyse these factors, we can categorise these micro environmental factors using PESTEL homunculus. PESTEL abbreviates Political, economical, social, technological, environmental and legal factors.Political Factors These refer to presidency policy such(prenominal) as the spot of intervention in the economy. What goods and services does a government want to fork up? To what extent does it believe in subsidising aimetary ho economic consumptions ? What are its priorities in terms of business underpin? EtcEconomical Factors These include interest rates, taxation changes, economic growth, inflation and exchange rates etc.Social Factors Changes in social trends can impact on the demand for a firms carrefours and the availability and willingness of individuals to fail. For example, in UK, the population has been ageing. This has subjoind the equals for firms who are affiliated to pension payments for their employees because their staff are living longer.Technological factors engineering is growing very fast nowadays. New and fast machineries are released every now and then. New technologies create new products and new processes. Technology can sink costs, improve quality and lead to innovation. These exploitations can benefit consumers as fountainhead as the organisations providing the products.Environmental factorsEnvironmental factors include weather and climate change in macro factors. Change in climate, temperatur e can impact on many industries. These can benefit one industry and can make other industry down at the same time. For example in hot sunny days, people love to go out and visit beaches instead of going to restaurants and places wish them. With major climate changes occurring due to global warming and with great environmental awareness this external factor is becoming a significant issue for firms to consider. court- evidenceed Factors These are related to the legal environment in which firms operate. The introduction of age discrimination and disability discrimination legislation, an increase in the minimum wage and greater requirements for firms to recycle are examples of relatively recent laws that affect an organisations executions.LIFE CYCLE compendiumGenerally, the model assumes that industry growth follows an S shaped curve. The flat prior phase reflects the problems of establishing the new product. Once proven, growth becomes explosive until market saturation is reache d. Sales now are limited by the rate of replacement gross revenue and the rate of growth of the population in the market. Eventually the industry will come under pressure from newer technologies and substitute products with superior set performance.There are four stages in this model. i.e. introduction stage, growth stage, maturity stage and decline stage. In introduction stage, Pioneering firms often after considerable investment and repeated failures, introduce products based on a new technology. Costs tend to be uplifted, and quality tends to be low because of lack of economies of scale or manufacturing experience and the product itself will be very basic. In growth stage, a dominant technology begins to emerge, and competitors standardise around it. There is likelihood of capacity shortages although costs and prices expunge as standardisation and the adoption of large scale manufacturing makes possible economies of scale. At maturity stage, Overcapacity begins to emerge in th e industry, products several(predicate)iation declines as technological know-how becomes widely make outd, and price competition intensifies. Consolidation occurs within the industry as weaker firms are acquired by salubriouser ones. Sales to less developed markets, and the transfer of production to lower labour cost economies accelerates. In decline stage, The industry comes under pressure from new technologies offering superior performance, although this whitethorn be reduced by factors such as heights price and switching costs associated with the new technology. Price wars erupt as the surviving firms fight for market share in a declining market, and exits from the industry, as well as consolidation within the industry, becomes to a greater extent likely.Analysing Micro Environmental FactorsThe micro environment consists of stakeholders who are directly or indirectly relate with any business. For example customers, consumers, suppliers, shareholders etc.Suppliers Suppliers are major pillars or any business as they provide all the materials essential for any business. Big deal with suppliers is that can they provide high quality products at low price. Can they do this reliably? Have they got the flexibility to respond to a firms demands? What is the bargaining power of these suppliers? How dependent is the firm on them? Does their approach to their staff and resources fit with your ethics? Firms must decide on issues such as who to use to supply them, on the responsibility it takes for these suppliers and on the terms and conditions it adopts. Some firms take quite an aggressive attitude towards their suppliers by trying to push down the prices and delay payments. Others view the relationship more as a partnership in which they are working to exciteher with suppliers and that by helping each other both can benefit. The importance of suppliers can be seen if affaires go wrong.Distri stillors Distri hardlyors job is to deliver your product to market pl ace where it can be sell easily. Imagine you sell shampoo what you need to sell this is to get it on the shelves in the leading chemists and supermarkets but this means moving someone elses products off the shelves So the challenge is to get stores to stock your products this may be achieved by good negotiating skills and offering appropriate incentives. The distributors used will determine the final price of the product and how it is presented to the end customer. When selling via retailers, for example, the retailer has control over where the products are displayed, how they are priced and how much they are promoted in-store.Customers Customers are key to sales. Managers must keep the needs of customers in their mind and try to anticipate how these will develop so that they can meet these requirements effectively now and in the future. To help understand their customers firms are increasingly trying to gather information on them through mechanisms such as loyalty cards. By gathe ring data on shopping patterns and matching this to data on the individual shoppers firms can build up expatiate pictures of their emptors and then offer them appropriate deals.Competition The success and behaviour of any business will depend on the stratum of competition in its market. In some markets one firm is dominant. This is called a monopoly. If you are in a monopoly position this may allow you to exploit the consumer with relatively high prices (assuming your position is protect in some way) and you may be able to offer an inferior service if customers have no other choices. In other markets a fewerer firms dominate this type of market structure is called an oligopoly. In oligopolistic markets on that full point is a high pointedness of interdependence and so firms will think carefully how their rivals expertness react to any actions they take.Key Stakeholders, Their Needs ExpectationsKey stakeholders of a business areEmployeesCustomers, suppliers and contractors ShareholdersInvestorsCommunitiesGovernmentEmployees are the major stakeholders of a business as they are potently linked with the business. They want to work in a place where they can meet their personal needs and wants. Leaders who create job assignments, work environments, and visions help employees be both competent and committed to their work.Customers want leaders to build compelling products and services so that they can trust and when they do, customers will split share of wallet. Customers are key to sales. Especially in fast food industries like Burger King, we ( employees ) have been instructed to focus on quality service and food. Customers should be well-to-do at any cost because without them, business is nonhing. Suppliers and contractors want their loyal concern with payment of goods and expediency respectively.Shareholders and Investors are those who bought companys share and are part of ownership in the company. They are concern with maximum outcome in terms of cash from profit. Investors are those who invest their money into the business as capital to earn their share from the profit. Investors want leaders to keep their promises, develop a compelling growth strategy, align core competencies to the strategy and then to ensure that people are committed to delivering on these premises.Communities and Government Communities want leaders to build organizations that are socially responsible, through how they treat the environment and how they serve the larger community. Government are linked with business as to start a business, licence is required and government issue licence. And from the profit gained by a company, a percentage of profit goes to government in terms of tax which is used to build infrastructures etc.C) SUMMARYThe Burger King Corporation (BKC) was founded in 1954 in Miami by James Mc Lamore and David Edgerton. hobby this, the famous Whopper sandwich was introduced in 1957 and it quickly became one of the best-known sandwiches in the world. Today, with the corporations brand promise Have it your way, there are 221,184 possible slipway to order a Whopper sandwich around the world. Burger King now operates more than 11,300 restaurants in approximately 70 countries. Food is necessary for humans to survive, but the wastes, chemical by-products, and inefficiencies in its production can have an immense impact on the environment. People demand perfect inexpensive year round food, which increases the use of pesticides, herbicides, and preservatives depleting the precious ozone, contributing to global warming, and polluting our lakes and streams. To help protecting all the dangerous fumes and chemicals, Burger King is doing its best. To help prevent contamination and other dangerous things, there are separate containers for different things. Strategy is affected by major changes pickings place in the environment and for those changes, strategy has to be change then in order to stay in business stream. Some chan ge in micro environmental factors will affect strategy in different ways. If business is losing customers then many strategies can be applied depending on the level of business loss. Prices of product can be decreased, or dispersal of vouchers etc. One of Burger Kings most important tasks is to ensure that the business is continually meeting its customers needs. In order to achieve this, the organisation has a research and development group dedicated to product improvement. Its mono is HAVE IT YOUR WAY. It means that customers can have their food the way they want, with or without, more or less of anything in their food. leash TOOLS TO ANALYSE, SUMMARISE AND EVALUATEEFFECTS OF CURRENT BUSINESS PLANPOSITION OF THE ORGANISATION IN CURRENT MARKETCOMPETITIVE STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF ORGANISATIONPORTERS FIVE FORCES ANALYSISThe competitive structure of a company can be analysed by Porters five lastingnesss analysis. It analyse the attractiveness of a company within the market. Por ters five forces model isLikelihood of new entry it means that the extents to which barriers to entry exist. The likelihood of entering a market would be lower ifThe entry cost are highThere are major advantages for those firms which are already operating in market because of experienceGovernment policies prevent entry or makes it more demandingExisting brands have high level of loyaltyPower of buyers The stronger the power of buyers in an industry the more likely it is that they will be able to force down prices and reduce the profits of firms that provide the product. Buyer power will be higher(prenominal) ifThere are few or many buyer of the productThe buyers can easily switch to other products provided high quality in low pricePower of suppliers The stronger the power of suppliers in an industry the more operose it is for firms within that sector to make a profit because suppliers can determine the terms and conditions on which business is conducted. Suppliers will be more vi rile if they are less in number and the supplier can threaten to buy the firm so it is a stronger negotiation position.Degree of rivalry This measures the degree of competition between existing firms. The higher the degree of rivalry the more difficult it is for existing firms to generate high profits. Rivalry will be higher if there are large numbers of similar sized firm, the costs of leaving the industry are high, and there is little brand loyalty so customer are likely to switch easily between products.Substitute threat This measures the ease with which buyers can switch to another product that does the same thing e.g. aluminium cans rather than glass or plastic bottles. The ease of switching depends on what costs would be involved. Using Porters model, firms can generate high profit if the industry isDifficult to enterThere is limited rivalryBuyers are relatively weakSuppliers are relatively weakThere are few substitutesBOSTON MATRIXThe Boston Matrix model is a tool for assessi ng existing and development products in terms of their market potential, and thereby implying strategic action for products and services in each mob.Cash Cow The rather crude metaphor is based on the idea of milking the returns from previous investments which established good distribution and market share for the product. Products in this quadrant need maintenance and protection activity, together with good cost management, not growth effort, because there is little or no additional growth available.Dog this is that product or service of a company which has low presence in market. There is no point of developing goods and services in this quadrant. Most of the companies discontinue their product which they think fall under this quadrant. Businesses that have been starved or denied development find themselves with a high or entire proportion of their products or services in this quadrant, which is obviously not very funny at all, except to the competitors.Problem fry These are prod ucts which have a big and growing market potential, but existing low market share, normally because they are new products, or the performance has not been spotted and acted upon yet. New business development and project management principle are required here to ensure that these products potential can be realised and disasters avoided. This is likely to be an area of business that is quite competitive, where the pioneers take the risks in the hope of securing good early distribution arrangements, image, reputation and market share. move Star star products, are those which have good market share in a strong and growing market. As a product moves into this category it is commonly known as a rising star. When a market is strong and still growing, competition is not yet fully established. Demand is strong saturation or over-supply do not exists, and so pricing is relatively unhindered.SWOT ANALYSISTo determine what a companys strategy should be, the managers must consider the inner str ength and weaknesses of their company and compare them with external opportunities and threat. This process is known as SWOT analysis.Strengths are internal factors which a firm may build on to develop a strategy. They may includeMarketing strengthsFinancial strengthsOperation strengthsHRM strengthsWeaknesses are internal factors which a firm may need to protect itself such asMarketing weaknesses such as limited distributionFinancial weaknesses such as high levels of borrowing and low rates of return working(a) weaknesses such as old or poor quality equipmentsHRM weaknesses such as high rate of labour turn over and industrial disputes occupation 2 STRATEGY EVALUATIONTo achieve an objective, managers must develop a suitable strategy. A strategy is a long term plan ambit out how an objective will be reached. For example, if the objective is to reduce costs, the strategy could involve relocating or reducing the labour force. If the objective is to boost revenue, the strategy may be t o launch new products or to invest in a big promotional campaign. A strategy may be developed by using a firms strengths to exploit the opportunities that exist. For example, a strong brand name may be used to extend a firms products into new markets. It may too use these strengths to protect itself against threats for example, a retailer may use its finance to acquire key locations to prevent a competitor buying them. Strategies can be evaluated by many ways. One of the way is by using Porters Five Forces model. In this model there are five different sources which are strongly connected with the business and they must be kept in mind while making strategies. While making strategy for a business includes property those things in mind which will ruin the business. For example in case of a retail business, if a new retail business entered in, then strategy in this will be change accordingly in this case. Secondly if buyers power is strong in retail business, then it could be a nix or a positive impact on business. If they are strong then they can force down the prices of the product which will lower the profit, so in this case strategy will be evaluated very carefully as every step can change the course of business. Suppliers are the major part of any business so keeping them in mind is a necessary part in strategy evaluation. A firm may in any case want to protect itself against its weaknesses. For example, it may try to find alternative suppliers to reduce an over-reliance on a particular one it may invest in a rebranding exercise to reposition itself. Fourth part is degree of rivalry. This measures the degree of competition between existing firms. The higher the degree of rivalry the more difficult it is for existing firms to generate high profits. Fifth and last part is threat of substitute. This measures the ease with which buyers can switch to another product that does the same thing. Keeping chase things in mind will help effecting business in loss. If the second gear industry is easy to enter in market, if there is a high degree of rivalry between firms within industry, buyers are strong, suppliers are strong etc. The implication of Porters analysis for managers is that they should examine these five factors before choosing an industry to move into. They should also consider ways of changing the five factors to make them more favourable.TASK 3 IMPLEMENTATIONEvaluating strategies is a difficult task but implementing them in a regular and smooth manner is more complicated. The importance of strategy should not be underestimated. Changing the price of an item, changing the distribution strategy and investing in new equipment are all important decisions but if you are fighting in the wrong market with the wrong products then the details are to the highest degree irrelevant. The strategy sets out where and how the battles will be fought and a good strategy is essential to business success. This involves an understanding not only of what happens within the firm but also the ability to forecast changes in the external environment and their significance successfully.This implementation is in fact a landmark where various organizations tend to falter. The long research and resources used up for the drafting of strategic plans often make organizations believe that whatever they have understood and devised is the optimum and therefore requires no second thoughts. However, what has been ignored is the fact that plans can be tested only if they meet actual usage. Only planning or theoretical application cannot be insure complete success. Actual implementation yields the true picture. A business plan is the textual version of a strategy, as it includes pertinent information regarding the company, including vision and accusation statements, measurable objectives supporting the vision, actionable tactics meeting the objective, resources, milestones and timeframes, accountability and role designations, as well as i nternal and external risks. The business strategy is not evergreen and should be evaluated routinely to ensure the company still has the competitive edge.A business plan includes the primary and secondary objectives of your organization, an analysis of current policies and procedures, and the development of new policies or procedures to correct weaknesses within the organization.Strategy is firstly introduced to lower managers and supervisors so they can act on it and tell to lower staff in order to work on it. If launching a new product or reducing the price of another product because of substitute available in market, all the staff must be aware of that, after that the new promotion or product or discounted product will be fight in an attractive way in Television, radio and by distributing leaflets to let people aware of it. Focussing on excellent customer service will definitely help improve the business because the service conveyn to customer will bring him back again.Quality assurance of the product will increase the demand of product and will increase revenue. Introducing new and latest technology in the company will save a lot of time and give result much faster and effective. Giving training to all new and old staff about new technology, new products, and everything related to business and plan will help staff delivering a better quality service required.For implementation of plan, money is the major and important resource required. So in order to get money there are many ways, selling shares of the company, retained profit, profit in terms of capital can be reinvested and by taking loans from banks etc. After implementing the plan, wait for the result and do surveys. Drop or put small questionnaire that will help letting you know how good is the strategy going. Taking customers feedback and evaluate the strategy. If it is going the way we wanted, then there is no need to change and if its not, then re evaluate and check where there is a mistake and sort it out.

My Experience with Biology :: Personal Narrative Writing

My Experience with Biology To all who know me, they know how I cant stand anything that is gross and slimy, or possibly get me in any way, shape, or form dirty. (I cant stand to be dirty at all) When I go to the doctors, I cant even stand to see the nurses poke my arm with a long, cold, sharp needle, so they can get a line of business sample. I cant even stand to watch the shows on the Discovery channel where they atomic number 18 operating on any part of the human body and there is blood oozing from the open flesh of a human being. I find it very hard to swallow when I even get a glance of it on television. This has always been my feeling ever since I was little, nevertheless when I entered high aim and took a College Prep Biology course my feelings on things that are gross and slimy changed quite a bit. In high school I took a Biology class as every high school student has to do. I felt a little smarter than some of the others, because I was not sol o taking Biology, but I was taking college prep Biology. The only drawback to the class was I was going to have to a lot of canvassing to do. Now, I know in Biology every mavin had to dissect the traditional earthworms and frogs, which I can continue without any problems. The problem I encountered after I entered the Biology class was not the fact that I had to dissect worms and frogs, but I had to actually dissect a fetal pig. I was not looking forward to this part of the class I was even considering transferring into the normal, calm Biology class every one of my sane friends had done, but it was too late to turn back now. I vividly remember my teacher passing out the syllabus of his course and talk in a very excited manner about the dissecting of the fetal pig. Now class, I know the tradition is to just dissect earthworms and frogs, which we will do, but I am anxious to get to the dissection of the fetal pig section of the class.

Oedipus, The King And Allegory Of The Cave - Comparative Analysis Essa

In Sophocles play, Oedipus, the King, there are various instances where Oedipus tries to escape his destinyenlightenmentonly to discover the trueness that he cannot. Similarly, in Platos Allegory of the Cave the prisoner travails to understand and adjust to his newly visited environment. In both works, the men first had to realize their ignorance in the beginning they could begin to acquire knowledge and true understanding of the complexities of the human condition. Specifically, in Oedipus, the King, it was Oedipus illusion of himself as a man unequaled in leadership whereas in Allegory of the Cave it was the prisoners initial refutations of enlightenment being shown him until he realizes its intellectual, spiritual, and social significance.In both articles of literature, there are places where their ignorance and eventual proceeding of enlightenment is highlighted. In Oedipus, the King it is when he is accusing Creon of conspiring against him, calling him a murderer and supposedl y having exposed him as a robber attempting to stealhis throne. Here, he does not yet realize that not only has not Creon attempted to overthrow him, but also that he is not the man who has already figure everything out about humanity as he thinks. He later does, fortunately, discover that he was not the true ill-fated man who never acquire anything because he knew everything too soon. He discovers, after piercing out his eyes, that he has finally ar-rived at the truth of his life and that ...